Журнал «Почки» Том 14, №3, 2025

Сучасні дослідження демонструють значну роль сечовини та її продуктів в розвитку низки захворювань. В основі її патологічних впливів лежить дисфункція ферментів циклу сечовини вродженого чи набутого характеру, що реалізується через активацію оксидативного стресу, апоптозу, карбамілювання, гормональну дизрегуляцію. Вивчення механізмів впливу цієї органічної сполуки на патофізіологічні процеси відкриває широкі перспективи в застосуванні нових фармакологічних підходів для лікування захворювань нирок, печінки, серцево-судинної та нервової систем, онкопатології. З іншого боку, ізольоване визначення рівня сечовини в крові або її співвідношення з креатиніном та альбуміном є надійними прогностичними маркерами тяжкості та смертності при різноманітній патології.

Modern research shows the significant role of the urea and its products in the development of a number of diseases. Its pathological effects are based on dysfunction of the urea cycle enzymes of congenital or acquired nature, realized through the activation of oxidative stress, apoptosis, carbamylation, hormonal dysregulation. Studying the mechanisms of action of this organic compound on pathophysiological processes opens up broad prospects for the application of new pharmacological approaches to the treatment of kidney, liver, cardiovascular and nervous diseases, and oncopathology. On the other hand, isolated determination of the blood urea level or its ratio with creatinine and albumin are reliable prognostic markers of severity and mortality in various pathologies.

сечовина; патологія; апоптоз; карбамілювання

urea; pathology; apoptosis; carbamylation

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